INORGANIC FERTILIZERS. USES OF INORGANIC FERTILIZERS FOR CROPS.

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Inorganic fertilizers are also known by many other names such as chemical fertilizers, mineral fertilizers, mineral fertilizers... They are chemicals composed of one or more nutrients in the form of mineral salts such as containing ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and potassium chloride. Most of them are produced by industrial processes. Inorganic fertilizers are divided into 2 main groups as follows: Single fertilizer: Provides only one nutritional element such as nitrogen fertilizer (N), phosphate fertilizer (P), potassium fertilizer (K)) Mixed fertilizer: Contains two or more nutritional elements including mixed inorganic fertilizers and complex inorganic fertilizers. In addition, there are also intermediate fertilizers containing Ca, Magnesium, S... and micronutrient fertilizers containing zinc, iron, copper... Each type of commonly used fertilizer is specifically as follows: - Nitrogen fertilizer: Used to promote plant growth. Commonly used nitrogen fertilizers are as follows. Plants usually need more K than N, however, soil contains more K than N and P, so it requires less fertilization than other inorganic fertilizers. Popular composts such as NPK, NPK+TE,... are produced by mixing many ingredients in appropriate proportions. These substances do not react with each other. Complex fertilizers such as DAP, KNO3, mono potassium phosphate (KPO4)... are produced by mixing many ingredients in appropriate proportions. However, these substances react with each other to create a stable mixture that helps provide nutrients for plants. 3. Effects of inorganic fertilizers on plants Depending on the element provided in the fertilizer, it has the following effects: - N in inorganic fertilizers, when applied to the soil, is absorbed by the plant and will participate in many nutrients in the plant such as chlorophyll, protit, amino acids, enzymes and many vitamins... These substances help promote the plant's growth process, thereby helping the plant to branch quickly and produce more leaves of better size. Therefore, crop productivity will be improved. - P is provided to the plant's essential needs in the nucleus of the cell, participating in the composition of enzymes, proteins, amino acids... Thereby helping to form new parts of the plant, stimulating roots to grow to penetrate deep into the soil and spread around. Therefore, it helps the tree to be strong, resistant to drought and less likely to fall. - K is necessary in energy metabolism in the plant's nutrient assimilation cycle. It helps increase resistance to adverse external factors, including diseases. Potassium helps plants withstand cold, drought, be strong and less likely to fall. At the same time, increase the quality and productivity of plants. It makes the fruit color beautiful and fresh, the flavor is fragrant and increases preservation ability. 4. Harmful effects of inorganic fertilizers on the environment Inorganic fertilizers are very effective for plants. However, it can easily upset the entire ecology of the environment. Chemicals can kill beneficial microorganisms in the soil and aquatic life in surrounding water sources. It also has the risk of creating toxic chemical accumulation, polluting the soil environment. Long-term use will change the pH of the soil, increasing pest problems. Even increased greenhouse gas release increases Earth's temperature, causing climate change. Thus, inorganic fertilizers help bring many benefits to plants. However, there are aspects that are harmful to the environment, so it must be used in appropriate amounts.